By Alan ElsnerSince the U.S. Supreme Court banned the promotion of religion in public schools in 1963, the Bible has virtually disappeared from most American classrooms.
But in recent years, as evangelical Christians have grown in numbers and gained political clout in the United States, Bible studies have been creeping back into schools.
Now, a new textbook for high school students aims to fill a gap by teaching the Bible, both the Old and New Testaments, in a nonsectarian, nonreligious way as a central document of Western civilization with a vast influence on its literature, art, culture and politics.
"It's not about belief. It's about crucial knowledge and knowledge belongs in our schools," said Chuck Stetson, a New York investment banker who is the driving force behind and co-author of "The Bible and Its Influence" -- a glossy, 387-page book recently released and now being tested in a small number of schools mainly on the West Coast.
Stetson knows he was stepping into a potential minefield. But he said polls have shown that over two-thirds of Americans want to see the Bible taught in public schools while only around 8 percent of schools were offering it.
The process of approving the book for use in schools differs from state to state and district to district. In some places, it can be added to the curriculum as an elective by the principal; other locales require the approval of a local school board and in some places the state itself would have to approve it. Stetson is hoping to see the book used by hundreds of school districts by the next academic year.
"This is the first student textbook we've had that is both constitutional and age appropriate," said Charles Hayes of the Freedom Forum's First Amendment Center, a nonpartisan foundation that monitors free speech.
"It teaches the subject in a way that will satisfy people who take the Bible as their scripture, but it will also appeal to a broad range of students interested in becoming biblically literate," he said.
"The Bible and Its Influence" is not the only game in town. A North Carolina group called the National Council on Bible Curriculum in the Public Schools has a Bible course now being used in 316 school districts in 37 states.
'CROSSES THE LINE'
The Anti Defamation League has denounced this program, which uses the King James translation of the Bible as its text, saying it "blatantly crosses the line by teaching fundamental Protestant doctrine." But the group's legal counsel Mike Johnson denied this.
"Take the resurrection of Christ. A teacher cannot tell a classroom that it's a historical fact. That would be a violation of the Constitution. But a teacher can say that the Bible says it's a historical fact," he said.
"One can't teach that the Bible is objectively true, but one shouldn't teach that it's objectively false," he added.
"The Bible and Its Influence" sets out its ground rules and philosophy on its opening pages. "You are going to study the Bible academically, not devotionally. In other words, you are learning about the Bible and its role in language and culture," it tells its readers.
"You will be given an awareness of religious content of the Bible but you will not be pressed into accepting religion. You will study about religion as presented in the Bible but you will not be engaged in the practice of religion."
With prominent theologians of different religions and denominations among its editorial board, the authors made a serious effort to make sure that the book did not elevate one religion over any other.
'FACTUAL ERRORS'
"We caught quite a few factual mistakes, but I also looked for places where the Christian point of view was assumed. There were some and we made some changes," said Marc Stein, general counsel of the American Jewish Committee who reviewed the text before publication.
Still, there has been criticism of the book coming from both the political left and right. On the liberal side, Barry Lynn of Americans United for the Separation of Church and State said the book sanitized the effect of religion throughout history, by minimizing Christian support for slavery and Christian anti-Semitism.
"To teach religion objectively, you really have to teach the good, the bad and the ugly and this book only teaches the good," he said.
On the other side, Dennis Cuddy, a Christian conservative who has worked as a consultant for the U.S. Department of Education, said the book raised doubts about God and prompted students to ask the wrong questions.
"If you are going to teach the Bible, are you going to teach it as if it were the word of God? At the least, it should be taught as truthful. It shouldn't be presented as something that is false," he said.
But Joan Spence, a high school teacher in Battleground, Washington, said she as well as students of her elective English class on the Bible appreciated it very much.
"Before I had this book, I had to do all the research myself to teach a class on the Bible as literature. This book, with its many examples of art and literature, makes it easier to keep the class academic rather than religious," she said.
Another religious right method to put the bible back into the schools to poison the minds of young people.
How could this course have a semblance of the real truth about this man made book, the damage that has been done to societies because of the religions allegedly based on its fictiousness if theologians are involved?
Who are the two thirds that want the bible back in the schools? Could this possibly be a fictious number created in the twisted mind of another fundamentalist suffering from cognitive disssonance or over active imagination?
Who would be academically qualified enough to teach such a course in truth, as history really records, outside of Atheists, Agnostics or Free Thinkers?
ex-pentecostal preacher
Fred
Yes this book really teaches the 'good'. what about showing archealogical evidence as well such as how the hebrews and isreallite in the bible exagerated kingdoms and said that when the won they actually lost big time.
In fact it is all lies. So then why waste $$ on what is harmful to people's brains? Why not teach how to improve one's live by thinking positive. Or First Aid techniques? or Skills that can be used and be useful??
To me, the problem is that they want to devote an entire class--elective or otherwise--to ideas that are glossed over in a literary context at the beginning of other high school literature courses. I see no need to spend more time on things that are already covered pretty well. To me, dwelling on religious texts in high school is akin to teaching them as being a lot more than just a footnote in literature. Nevermind that you're opening a whole new can of worms by introducing this textbook and its course. To me, by introducing this textbook, you're opening the door to the possibility of insertion of more blatant religious propaganda in schools, violating the separation of church and state, and in the least, you're opening the door to students, faculty, and community members who would take the opportunity to proselytize to others.
Thus, I stand opposed.
I'm an atheist. As does anyone else who appreciates the so-called "freedom of religion" in this country, I don't care what people believe so long as they don't bug me about not believing in any religion or any god. Still, it's sad to see so many people waste their lives away dwelling on myths when they could be living in the here and now to make the world a better place.
The Bible, along with other religious texts, should be taught, if at all, as part of already existing curriculum for literature courses in which they are noted as a part of literary history. I feel that anything more is crossing the line.
The fact that the Koran is not being taught, and other religious books, shows bias...
The only way to teach this course, objectively, is through a "comparitive" religion course... I dare say, if the instructor did a decent job of recanting all of the historical gods, that the Significance of any "one", will become greatly diminished... except, for those who finally admit, they they are just choosing their flavor of god, per their druthers... kind of like going shopping for a new shirt...
I still hold that if this course is in theory supposed to be taught, in an academic environment, as it is in college... a secondary, and alternate class should be "offered" as an alternative, which is totally non-religious... and that would be "Philosophy"... A good dose of solid philosophy, will prepare those who aren't capable of critical analysis, to enter a classroom supporting a bible, with the ability to dissect it... Of course, the religious conservative right, would have a problem with this, as... philosophy is what killed religion thousands of years ago... and caused theology to be borne, as religion could not hold up "logically"... it was considered an irrational belief system, and still is... its why Aristotle and many others had to flee their homelands, to escape persecution... Our minds are naturally predisposed to create order out of confusion, religion is nothing but confusion when taking it to its theological roots, and is why any religious person pushing their belief as an "educated" person, will only sell it based on hope...
In my view if we are to address the problem fully we must recognise religious faith for what it is and for its limitations in regards to academic education. It should be a Teacher's prime responsibility to teach only what is truthful. Children's education should be more important than dogmatic religious laws, creeds, theologies, and beliefs.
Instead of enriching the lives of children Christian schools do the opposite; these types of schools weakens a child's ability to think rationally. They are conditioned to believe that they are sinful depraved beings living in a state of sin without Jesus in their lives. This is a controlling spirit of fear because they are led to believe that without Jesus they will be punished in the everlasting eternal fires of Hell. It is this fear of Hell that keeps a child in bondage (subject to external control) to Christianity. Teaching children things like Adam and Eve and the original sin, and Noah's ark and the flood, Angels, Satan, Demons, and the eternal suffering in Hell for all non Christians must be looked upon with suspicion.
What has any of this ancient archaic petrified theology got to do with achieving academic qualifications? It is worse than teaching kids about Father Christmas or the tooth fairies down in the garden, all of this is only perpetrating a lie? The children are eventually told that Father Christmas and the fairies are a lie, but they are left to believe that the rest is truthful. Why teach these fantasies in the first place? Why not always teach truthfulness?
As there is no evidence for any of this stuff it should not be taught as truth. There is also no evidence for a God who probably does not exist much less communicate with people, therefore it becomes a handicap and a source of fear and hinders the advancement of honest education.
In order to highly educate youth we need to advance forward not go back to the unfounded beliefs of past primitive ancient mythology whose only means of communication was by word of mouth. We need to educate our children thoroughly with the very best that modern research has to offer devoid of any religious doctrine. All religious dogma should be left at the altar, and should only be kept for those who are gullible enough to warm the pews at a Sunday service.
Christian schools do not advocate or teach freedom of religions or freedom of speech. I feel sure that many people who prefer to send their children to Christian schools have not looked into all of the issues that are involved.
Schools need to teach critical thinking skills and to train upcoming scientists and engineers for the benefit of progress, and children should not have their young minds distorted by prepackaged dogma that prevails in many religious institutions today.
Many laws and regulations in our society are based on religious doctrine, which is defective. A society that obeys the law should do so out of respect and not out of fear. A law that’s based on religious doctrine is a law that is not shared by all people in our land and this law become repressive and becomes self defeating by undermining respect for the law in general.
I believe that governments have a duty to fulfill with the education of our young, and skillful education should remain in control of governmental organisation and not become diluted and polluted with religious belief systems. I also believe that Private Christian schools if they must exist should only be financed by private contributions and they should be held responsible for paying all taxes in line with any other private institution of business. Christian scripture teaching should also be abolished from state run government schools. Why should Christianity be shown favouritism over other religions in this regard?
Governments also have a duty to the people to maintain not only freedom of religion but freedom from religions also. The people who do not believe in a supernatural being should have exactly the same rights as those that do. After all there is not a single person on the face of this planet that has any knowledge that there is a God, so until such times as we know that a God exists then those who don't believe have a perfect right to do so. Governments should allow people to contribute further to the development of the human race by free thought and every person should have the right to freely participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to share in scientific advancements and all of its benefits.
I have seen present day government literature advocating the advancement of Christian religion, when the same government also say that in a democratic society we have freedom of religion, and freedom of speech. Why any government in the world today would want to advance any religion is beyond my comprehension. If the Christian coalition party ever came to power in this country then they would try to return to the period known as the dark ages. Abortion would be outlawed (paving the way for the return of the backyarder) the homosexuals life would become unbearable, all literature, television and the Internet would come under extreme censorship as they would try to enforce a theocratic government.
All that religions ever create is intolerance, bitterness, and hatred for each other, which eventually leads to wars, as history has recorded over and over again. If all belief systems cannot stand up to reasonable questioning then they should be abolished. Need I say more?